Hydrosilylation method, method for producing organosilicon compound, and organosilicon compound

ABSTRACT

A hydrosilylation method is provided. In this hydrosilylation method, silylation of the carbon atom other than the terminal carbon atom and generation of the by-product isomer by internal migration of the double bond are suppressed without sacrificing the hydrosilylation reactivity, even if an olefin compound having tertiary amine atom which can be a catalyst poison was used. In the hydrosilylation, an olefin compound having carbon-carbon unsaturated bond, and a compound having hydrogensilyl group are reacted in the presence of an acid amide compound, a nitrile compound and an aromatic hydroxyl compound, or an organoamine salt compound, by using catalytic action of platinum and/or its complex compound.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This non-provisional application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(a)on Patent Application Nos. 2010-274710, 2010-274730 and 2010-274745filed in Japan on Dec. 9, 2010, Dec. 9, 2010 and Dec. 9, 2010,respectively, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated byreference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This invention relates to a hydrosilylation method having excellentreaction activity and excellent selectivity of the addition position.This invention also relates to a method for producing an organosiliconcompound using such method, and an organosilicon compound produced bysuch methods.

BACKGROUND ART

The hydrosilylation in which a compound having vinyl group and acompound having hydrogen atom bonded to the silicon atom are reacted inthe presence of a platinum catalyst for addition of both compounds is atechnology well known in the art for synthesis and modification of anorganosilane or an organopolysiloxane and silylation of an organiccompound or an organic high molecular weight molecule.

Production method of a compound having a hydrogencarbonoxysilyl groupsuch as an alkoxysilyl group may be divided into the following twocategories.

<First Method>

A method wherein an aliphatic unsaturated organic compound ishydrosilylated by using a hydrogenchlorosilane compound, and thenconverting the chlorosilyl group into an alkoxysilyl group by using analcohol.

<Second Method>

A method wherein an aliphatic unsaturated organic compound ishydrosilylated by using a hydrogenalkoxysilane compound.

Of these two methods, the procedure of the second method is moreconvenient, and the second method is also superior in the productivityin view of the smaller amount of ionic impurities and waste generated inthe alkoxylation. However, the hydrogenalkoxysilane compound is inferiorto the hydrogenchlorosilane compound in the hydrosilylation activity,and it was also a material with low selectivity of the addition sitesince migration of the double bond in the unsaturated organic compoundwas promoted.

As a method for improving reactivity of the hydrosilylation andcontrolling the addition site by suppressing the migration of the doublebond in a system using a hydrogenalkoxysilane, JP-A 2000-143679 and JP-AH11-180986 propose a method for hydrosilylating a hydrogenalkoxysilaneand an aliphatic unsaturated organic compound or a vinyl-substitutedaromatic compound by using a platinum catalyst in the presence of acarboxylic acid compound. However, in these methods, sufficient controlof the addition selectivity was not realized, and regulation of thegeneration of the side product from the carboxylic acid bytransesterification as well as adjustment of an amount added wasdifficult. In addition, hydrosilylation reactivity with the unsaturatedorganic compound containing tertiary amine atom, for example, allylisocyanate or triallyl isocyanurate was still insufficient in thesetechnologies.

As a matter of course, improvement of the hydrosilylation reactivityleads to the improvement of the reaction yield, and hence, improvementof the production efficiency. An organosilicon compound having itsterminal carbon atom hydrosilylated exhibits higher performance than itsisomers which has been silylated at a position other than its terminalwhen it is used as a coupling agent or a modifying agent. In the case ofan organopolysiloxane, various physical properties including heatresistance are superior compared to the isomers. Accordingly, ahydrosilylation method capable of producing an organosilicon compoundhaving a hydrosilylated terminal at a high yield and high selectivityhas been awaited.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention has been completed in view of the situation asdescribed above, and an object of the present invention is to provide ahydrosilylation method which exhibits high reaction activity even whenan olefin compound having tertiary amine atom which can be a catalystpoison is used, and wherein silylation of the carbon atom other than theterminal carbon atom and generation of the by-product isomer by internalmigration of the double bond is suppressed. Another object of thepresent invention is to provide a method for producing an organosiliconcompound using this method, and an organosilicon compound produced bysuch method.

The inventor of the present invention made an intensive study to attainthe objects as described above, and found that, when (i) an olefincompound having carbon-carbon unsaturated bond and (ii) a compoundhaving hydrogensilyl group are hydroxylated in the presence of platinumand/or its complex compound using an acid amide compound, a nitrilecompound and an aromatic hydroxy compound, or an organoamine saltcompound for the reaction aid, the hydrosilylation can be conductedwithout sacrificing reactivity of the hydrosilylation while suppressingsilylation of the carbon atom other than the terminal carbon atom andgeneration of the by-product isomer by internal migration of the doublebond, even if an olefin compound having tertiary amine atom was used.

Accordingly, the present invention provides the hydrosilylation method,the method for producing an organosilicon compound using such method,and the organosilicon compound as described below.

-   (1) A hydrosilylation method wherein

(i) an olefin compound having carbon-carbon unsaturated bond, and

(ii) a compound having hydrogensilyl group are reacted in the presenceof an acid amide compound by using catalytic action of platinum and/orits complex compound.

-   (2) A hydrosilylation method according to the above (1) wherein the    acid amide compound is represented by the following general formula    (1):

R⁰—[C(═O)—NR¹ ₂]_(k)   (1)

wherein R⁰ is hydrogen atom or a k-valent hydrocarbon group containing 1to 30 carbon atoms, R¹ is independently hydrogen atom or a monovalenthydrocarbon group containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and k is 1 or 2.

-   (3) A hydrosilylation method according to the above (1) or (2)    wherein the acid amide compound is a primary acid amide compound    represented by the following general formula (2):

R²—C(═O)—NH₂   (2)

wherein R² is hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group containing1 to 30 carbon atoms.

-   (4) A hydrosilylation method wherein

(i) an olefin compound having carbon-carbon unsaturated bond, and

(ii) a compound having hydrogensilyl group are reacted in the presenceof a nitrile compound and an aromatic hydroxyl compound by usingcatalytic action of platinum and/or its complex compound.

-   (5) A hydrosilylation method according to the above (4) wherein the    nitrile compound is a member selected from acetonitrile,    acrylonitrile, propane nitrile, butane nitrile, and benzonitrile,    and the aromatic hydroxyl compound is a member selected from phenol,    hydroquinone, cresol, and bisphenol A.-   (6) A hydrosilylation method wherein

(i) an olefin compound having carbon-carbon unsaturated bond, and

(ii) a compound having hydrogensilyl group are reacted in the presenceof an organoamine salt compound by using catalytic action of platinumand/or its complex compound.

-   (7) A hydrosilylation method according to the above (6) wherein the    organoamine salt compound is an organoammonium salt compound    represented by the following general formula (5):

R⁵—[C(═O)O⁻.NR⁶ ₄ ⁺]_(h)   (5)

wherein R⁵ is an h-valent hydrocarbon group containing 1 to 20 carbonatoms, R⁶ is independently hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbongroup containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and h is 1 or 2.

-   (8) A hydrosilylation method according to any one of the above (1)    to (7) wherein the compound having a hydrogensilyl group is a    hydrogenorganoxysilane represented by the following general formula    (3):

H—SiR³ _(n)X_(3-n)   (3)

wherein R³ is a monovalent hydrocarbon group, X is an organoxy group,and n is an integer of 0 to 2; or a hydrolytic condensation productobtained by using the hydrogenorganoxysilane as at least one of itsconstitutional component.

-   (9) A hydrosilylation method according to the above (8) wherein X in    the general formula (3) is methoxy group, ethoxy group, or    2-propenoxy group.-   (10) A hydrosilylation method according to the above (9) wherein the    compound containing a hydrogensilyl group is selected from    hydrogentrimethoxysilane, hydrogenmethyldimethoxysilane,    hydrogendimethylmethoxysilane, hydrogentriethoxysilane,    hydrogenmethyldiethoxysilane, hydrogendimethylethoxysilane,    hydrogentri(2-propenoxy)silane, hydrogenmethyldi(2-propenoxy)silane,    hydrogendimethyl(2-propenoxy)silane, organopolysiloxane and    organosilsesquioxane having hydrosilyl group produced by hydrolytic    condensation of such silane monomer,    1,3,5,7-tetramethyltetrasiloxan, 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane,    pentamethyldisiloxane, and dimethyl silicone polymer containing 3 to    100 silicon atoms having hydrosilyl group on its side chain or at    its terminal.-   (11) A hydrosilylation method according to any one of the above (1)    to (10) wherein the olefin compound is selected from an olefin    compound containing tertiary amine atom; a diene compound    represented by the following general formula (4):

CH₂═C(R⁴)—(CH₂)_(m)—C(R⁴)═CH₂   (4)

wherein R⁴ is independently hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbongroup, and m is an integer of 0 to 20; and a compound containing analiphatic ring structure and/or an aromatic ring structure having vinylgroup or allyl group.

-   (12) A hydrosilylation method according to the above (11) wherein    the olefin compound is selected from allyl isocyanate, triallyl    isocyanurate, 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, 1,4-pentadiene,    1,5-hexadiene, 1,6-heptadiene, 1,7-octadiene, 1,8-nonadiene,    1,9-decadiene, divinylcyclohexane, trivinylcyclohexane,    diallylcyclohexane, triallylcyclohexane, styrene, allyl benzene, and    allyl phenol.-   (13) A method for producing an organosilicon compound wherein the    method uses a hydrosilylation method according to any one of the    above (1) to (12).-   (14) An organosilicon compound produced by the production method of    the above (13).

ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION

The present invention has enabled a highly reactive hydrosilylationmethod wherein the hydrosilylation can be conducted without sacrificingreactivity of the hydrosilylation while suppressing silylation of thecarbon atom other than the terminal carbon atom and generation of theby-product isomer by internal migration of the double bond, even if anolefin compound having tertiary amine atom which can be a catalystpoison was used.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

The hydrosilylation method of the present invention is a method wherein(i) an olefin compound having carbon-carbon unsaturated bond, and (ii) acompound having hydrogensilyl group are reacted in the presence of anacid amide compound, a nitrile compound and an aromatic hydroxylcompound, or an organoamine salt compound, by using catalytic action ofplatinum and/or its complex compound.

Next, the present invention is described in detail. First, the startingmaterials used in the method of the present invention are described.

(i) Olefin Compound Having Carbon-Carbon Unsaturated Bond

The olefin compound used in the present invention is not particularlylimited as long as it is a compound having carbon-carbon double bond astypically represented by vinyl group. Among these, use of an olefincompound having tertiary amine atom; diene compound represented by thefollowing general formula (4):

CH₂═C(R⁴)—(CH₂)_(m)—C(R⁴)═CH₂   (4)

wherein R⁴ is independently hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbongroup, m is an integer of 0 to 20; a compound having an aliphatic ringstructure and/or an aromatic ring structure having vinyl group or allylgroup for the substrate of the hydrosilylation is remarkablyadvantageous.

In the formula (4), R⁴ is independently hydrogen atom or a monovalenthydrocarbon group containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and preferably 1 to 6carbon atoms such as methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, hexylgroup, cyclohexyl group; and m is an integer of 0 to 20, and preferably2 to 10.

Non-limited examples of the olefin compound include allyl isocyanate,triallyl isocyanurate; 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, 1,4-pentadiene,1,5-hexadiene, 1,6-heptadiene, 1,7-octadiene, 1,8-nonadiene,1,9-decadiene; divinylcyclohexane, trivinylcyclohexane,diallylcyclohexane, triallylcyclohexane, styrene, allyl benzene, andallyl phenol.

(ii) Compound Having Hydrogensilyl Group

The compound having hydrogensilyl group used in the present invention ispreferably a hydrogenorganoxysilane represented by the following generalformula (3):

H—SiR³ _(n)X_(3-n)   (3)

wherein R³ is a monovalent hydrocarbon group, X is an organoxy group, nis an integer of 0 to 2; or a hydrolytic condensate produced by usingthis hydrogenorganoxysilane as at least one constituent. R³ is notparticularly limited as long as it is a monovalent hydrocarbon groupcontaining 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms.However, R³ is preferably an alkyl group such as methyl group, ethylgroup, or propyl group, or an aryl group such as phenyl group, and themost preferred is methyl group. X is not particularly limited as long asit is an organoxy group. However, X is preferably an alkoxy group suchas methoxy group or ethoxy group or an alkenoxy group such as2-propenoxy group in view of the availability of the availability. Thehydrolytic condensate produced by using this hydrogenorganoxysilane asat least one constituent may contain other constituents, and suchconstituent may be an organosilicon compound having an alkoxysilyl group(such as methyl group, ethyl group, and propyl group), and the resultingcondensate is not particularly limited for its polymer structure, and itmay have straight chain, branched, cyclic, or other structure.

Non-limiting examples include hydrogentrimethoxysilane,hydrogenmethyldimethoxysilane, hydrogendimethylmethoxysilane,hydrogentriethoxysilane, hydrogenmethyldiethoxysilane,hydrogendimethylethoxysilane, hydrogentri(2-propenoxy)silane,hydrogenmethyldi(2-propenoxy)silane,hydrogendimethyl(2-propenoxy)silane, an organopolysiloxane havinghydrosilyl group produced by hydrolytic condensation of such silanemonomer, organosilsesquioxane, a cyclic siloxane having a hydrosilylgroup such as 1,3,5,7-tetramethyltetrasiloxan,1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane, pentamethyldisiloxane, dimethyl siliconepolymer containing 3 to 100 silicon atoms having hydrosilyl group on itsside chain or terminal.

The compound having a hydrogensilyl group (ii) may be used at an amountof 0.7 to 1.5 mol, and more preferably 0.9 to 1.1 mol in relation to 1mol of the unsaturated group of the olefin compound (i).

Hydrosilylation Catalyst

The hydrosilylation catalyst used in the present invention is platinum(Pt) and/or a complex compound having the central metal of the platinum(Pt), which is known in the art. Examples include alcohol solution ofchloroplatinic acid; 1,3-divinyltetramethyldisiloxane complex ofchloroplatinic acid and a compound obtained by neutralizing the complex;and 1,3-divinyltetramethyldisiloxane complex wherein oxidation number ofthe central metal is Pt(II) or Pt(0). The preferred are the complexother than those having the oxidation number of the central metal ofPt(IV) in view of the selectivity of the addition site, and the mostpreferred are those with the oxidation number of Pt(0) or Pt(II).

Amount of the hydrosilylation catalyst used in the present invention isnot particularly limited as long as it is a catalytic amount for thehydrosilylation. The hydrosilylation catalyst is preferably used at0.000001 to 1 mol, and more preferably 0.0001 to 0.01 mol in relation to1 mol of the olefin compound (i). Sufficient catalytic effects may notbe realized when used at less than 0.000001 mol, while the effect issaturated at an amount in excess of 1 mol, and such addition may resultin the high production cost and economic disadvantage.

Acid Amide Compound

The acid amide compound which is a hydrosilylation aid used in thepresent invention is not particularly limited as long as it is acarboxylic acid amide compound comprising a carboxylic acid and an aminerepresented by the following general formula (1):

R⁰—[C(═O)—NR¹ ₂]_(k)   (1)

wherein R⁰ is hydrogen atom or a k-valent hydrocarbon group containing 1to 30 carbon atoms, R¹ is independently hydrogen atom or a monovalenthydrocarbon group containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and k is 1 or 2.However, in view of the cost effectiveness, the preferred is a primaryacid amide compound represented by the following general formula (2):

R²—C(═O)—NH₂   (2)

wherein R² is hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group containing1 to 30 carbon atoms.

In the formulae (1) and (2), R⁰ is hydrogen atom or a k-valenthydrocarbon group containing 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and preferably 1 to20 carbon atoms, R² is hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon groupcontaining 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and preferably 1 to 20 carbon atoms.When the R⁰ and R² are independently a monovalent groups, exemplarynon-limited groups include alkyl groups such as methyl group, ethylgroup, propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl group, hexyl group,pentadecyl group, and heptadecyl group, cycloalkyl groups such ascyclohexyl group, aryl groups such as phenyl group, and alkenyl groupssuch as vinyl group. When the R⁰ is a divalent group, non-limitedexemplary groups include alkylene groups such as methylene group,ethylene group, and propylene group, alkenylene groups such as vinylenegroup, and arylene groups such as phenylene group. R¹ is independentlyhydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group containing 1 to 20carbon atoms, and preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and non-limitingexamples include alkyl groups such as methyl group, ethyl group, propylgroup, isopropyl group, butyl group, and hexyl group, cycloalkyl groupssuch as cyclohexyl group, and aryl groups such as phenyl group.

Exemplary acid amide compounds include formamide, acetamide,N-methylacetamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, propionamide, acrylamide,malonamide, succinamide, maleamide, fumaramide, benzamide, phthalamide,palmitamide, and stearamide, which are commercially available. In viewof the availability and effectiveness as a hydrosilylation aid, thepreferred are formamide, acetamide, benzamide, and stearamide.

Amount of the acid amide compound used in the present invention is notparticularly limited as long as the intended silylation aid effects(promotion of the reaction and improvement of the selectivity) arerealized. However, the acid amide compound is preferably used at 0.00001to 10 mol, and more preferably at 0.001 to 1 mol in relation to 1 mol ofthe olefin compound (i). Sufficient catalytic effect may not be achievedwhen used at less than 0.00001 mol while the catalytic activity issaturated at an amount in excess of 10 mol. Such excessive use may alsoresult in the loss of catalytic activity.

Nitrile Compound

Examples of the nitrile compound which is a hydrosilylation aid used inthe present invention include acetonitrile, acrylonitrile,propanenitrile, butanenitrile, and benzonitrile. In view of theavailability and effectiveness as a hydrosilylation aid, the preferredis acetonitrile.

Amount of the nitrile compound used in the present invention is notparticularly limited as long as the intended silylation aid effects(promotion of the reaction and improvement of the selectivity) arerealized. However, the nitrile compound is preferably used at 0.00001 to20 mol, and more preferably at 0.001 to 10 mol in relation to 1 mol ofthe olefin compound (i). Sufficient catalytic effect may not be achievedwhen used at less than 0.00001 mol while the effect is saturated at anamount in excess of 20 mol, and this may result in the loss ofproductivity.

Aromatic Hydroxy Compound

The aromatic hydroxy compound which is a hydrosilylation aid used in thepresent invention is used with the nitrile compound as described above,and examples include phenol, hydroquinone, cresol, and bisphenol A,which are commercially available. In view of the availability andeffectiveness as a hydrosilylation aid, the preferred is phenol.

Amount of the aromatic hydroxy compound used in the present invention isnot particularly limited as long as the intended silylation aid effects(promotion of the reaction and improvement of the selectivity) arerealized. However, the nitrile compound is preferably used at 0.00001 to10 mol, and more preferably at 0.001 to 10 mol in relation to 1 mol ofthe olefin compound (i). Sufficient catalytic effect may not be achievedwhen used at less than 0.00001 mol while the effect is saturated at anamount in excess of 10 mol, and this may result in the loss ofproductivity.

In the present invention, the nitrile compound (NC) and the aromatichydroxy compound (AHC) are used at a molar ratio ((NC)/(AHC)) of 1 to100, preferably 10 to 80, and more preferably 20 to 60. When the molarratio is less than 1, the selectivity may not be sufficiently realized,and also, when the compound having hydrogensilyl group used for thestarting material contains an alkoxysilyl group, such low ratio mayresult in the increased risk of transesterification, and hence, in thereduced yield. The silylation aid effects (promotion of the reaction andimprovement of the selectivity) may not be sufficiently realized whenthe molar ratio is higher than 100.

Organoamine Salt Compound

The organoamine salt compound which is a hydrosilylation aid used in thepresent invention is not particularly limited as long as it is anorganoamine salt compound produced by (acid-base) salt formationreaction of an organic acid (which is typically a carboxylic acid) andan amine (which is typically ammonia). However, in view of the costeffectiveness, the organoamine salt compound is most preferably anorganoammonium salt compound represented by the following generalformula (5):

R⁵—[C(═O)O⁻.NR⁶ ₄ ⁺]_(h)   (5)

wherein R⁵ is an h-valent hydrocarbon group containing 1 to 20 carbonatoms, R⁶ is independently hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbongroup containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and h is 1 or 2.

In the formula (5), R⁵ is an h-valent hydrocarbon group containing 1 to20 carbon atoms, and preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms. When R⁵ is amonovalent group, non-limited exemplary groups include alkyl groups suchas methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, butylgroup, and hexyl group, cycloalkyl groups such as cyclohexyl group, andaryl groups such as phenyl group, and alkenyl groups such as vinylgroup, and when R⁵ is a divalent group, non-limited exemplary groupsinclude alkylene groups such as methylene group, ethylene group, andpropylene group, alkenylene groups such as vinylene group, and arylenegroups such as phenylene group. R⁶ is independently hydrogen atom or amonovalent hydrocarbon group containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, forexample, an alkyl group such as methyl group, ethyl group, or propylgroup.

Exemplary organoamine salt compounds include ammonium acetate,methylamine acetate, dimethylamine acetate, trimethylamine acetate,ethylamine acetate, diethylamine acetate, triethylamine acetate,ammonium propionate, ammonium benzoate, ammonium acrylate, ammoniummalonate, ammonium maleate, ammonium fumalate, and ammonium phthalate,which are commercially available. In view of the availability andeffectiveness as a hydrosilylation aid, the preferred are ammoniumacetate and ammonium propionate.

Amount of the organoamine salt compound used in the present invention isnot particularly limited as long as the intended silylation aid effects(promotion of the reaction and improvement of the selectivity) arerealized. However, the organoamine salt compound is preferably used at0.00001 to 10 mol, and more preferably at 0.001 to 1 mol in relation to1 mol of the olefin compound (i). Sufficient catalytic effect may not beachieved when used at less than 0.00001 mol while the effect issaturated at an amount in excess of 10 mol, and this may result in theloss of productivity.

In conducting the production method of the present invention, thereaction temperature is preferably 50 to 150° C., more preferably 60 to130° C., and still more preferably 70 to 110° C. The reactiontemperature of less than 50° C. may result in the low reaction rate, andhence, low production efficiency. The reaction temperature in excess of150° C. results in the difficulty of regulating the addition site, andhence, generation of the addition isomer as well as the risk of sidereaction such as dehydrogenation caused by the hydrosilyl group. Thereaction time is preferably 10 to 300 minutes, and more preferably 60 to120 minutes.

If necessary, the production method of the present invention may beconducted by using a solvent. The solvent used is not particularlylimited as long as the solvent does not inhibit the reaction and thesolvent is not reactive with the starting materials. Typical solventsinclude alcohol solvents, ether solvents, hetero atom-containing polarsolvents, and hydrocarbon solvents, and examples include alcoholsolvents such as methanol, ethanol, and propanol, ether solvents such asdiethylether, dimethoxy ethane, and tetrahydrofuran, heteroatom-containing solvents such as acetonitrile and dimethylformamide,aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds such as hexane and heptane, and aromatichydrocarbon compounds such as toluene and xylene, which may be usedalone or in combination of two or more.

EXAMPLES

Next, the present invention is described in further detail by referringto Examples and Comparative Examples which by no means limit the scopeof the present invention. In the following Examples and ComparativeExamples, “parts” means parts by weight.

In the following Examples and Comparative Examples, compositionalanalysis of the reaction product was conducted by gas chromatographywith thermal conductivity-type detector, and by comparing with thestandard compound that had been identified by NMR analysis.

The hydrosilylation conversion rate is the proportion of the compoundconsumed in the reaction in relation to the amount of the compoundcontaining hydrogensilyl group that had been charged, which wascalculated by gas chromatography.

The platinum complex used was toluene solution of the 0 valent platinumcomplex of divinyl siloxane. The addition isomer in the Examples is acompound in which silyl addition occurred at the carbon atom other thanthe olefin terminal carbon atom.

Example 1

A 500 ml separable flask equipped with a stirrer, a reflux condenser, adropping funnel, and a thermometer was charged with 24.9 parts (0.1 mol)of triallyl isocyanurate, 0.11 part (0.002 mol) of acetamide, andtoluene solution of the platinum complex of the amount corresponding to0.00005 mol of the platinum complex in relation to 1 mol oftrimethoxysilane which was added dropwise in the subsequent step, andthe mixture was stirred. The mixture was then heated, and when theinternal temperature reached 60° C., 36.7 parts (0.3 mol) of thetrimethoxysilane was added dropwise for 1 hour. The reaction startedsimultaneously with the start of the dropwise addition, and since thetemperature of the reaction mixture gradually increased from 60° C.,heating was ceased, and the dropwise addition was continued with thetemperature regulated not to exceed 80° C. After the completion of thedropwise addition, the reaction mixture was aged for 1 hour with theinternal temperature maintained at 70° C. by heating. The content wasthen analyzed by gas chromatography. The conversion rate and theproduction rate of the addition isomer are shown in Table 1.

Example 2

The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the trimethoxysilanewhich was a starting material was replaced with triethoxysilane. Theconversion rate and the production rate of the addition isomer are shownin Table 1.

Example 3

The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the trimethoxysilanewhich was a starting material was replaced with pentamethyldisiloxane.The conversion rate and the production rate of the addition isomer areshown in Table 1.

Example 4

A 500 ml separable flask equipped with a stirrer, a reflux condenser, adropping funnel, and a thermometer was charged with 82.0 parts (1 mol)of 1,5-hexadiene, 0.77 part (0.013 mol) of acetamide, and toluenesolution of the platinum complex of the amount corresponding to 0.00005mol of the platinum complex in relation to 1 mol of trimethoxysilanewhich was added dropwise in the subsequent step, and the mixture wasstirred. The mixture was then heated, and when the internal temperaturereached 60° C., 244.4 parts (2 mol) of the trimethoxysilane was addeddropwise for 1 hour. The reaction started simultaneously with the startof the dropwise addition, and since the temperature of the reactionmixture gradually increased from 60° C., heating was ceased, and thedropwise addition was continued with the temperature regulated not toexceed 70° C. After the completion of the dropwise addition, thereaction mixture was aged for 1 hour with the internal temperaturemaintained at 70° C. by heating. The content was then analyzed by gaschromatography. The conversion rate and the production rate of theaddition isomer are shown in Table 2.

Example 5

The procedure of Example 4 was repeated except that the trimethoxysilanewhich was a starting material was replaced with triethoxysilane. Theconversion rate and the production rate of the addition isomer are shownin Table 2.

Example 6

The procedure of Example 4 was repeated except that the trimethoxysilanewhich was a starting material was replaced with pentamethyldisiloxane.The conversion rate and the production rate of the addition isomer areshown in Table 2.

Example 7

A 500 ml separable flask equipped with a stirrer, a reflux condenser, adropping funnel, and a thermometer was charged with 104.0 parts (1 mol)of styrene, 0.77 part (0.013 mol) of acetamide, and toluene solution ofthe platinum complex of the amount corresponding to 0.00005 mol of theplatinum complex in relation to 1 mol of trimethoxysilane which wasadded dropwise in the subsequent step, and the mixture was stirred. Themixture was then heated, and when the internal temperature reached 60°C., 122.2 parts (1 mol) of the trimethoxysilane was added dropwise for 1hour. The reaction started simultaneously with the start of the dropwiseaddition, and since the temperature of the reaction mixture graduallyincreased from 60° C., heating was ceased, and the dropwise addition wascontinued with the temperature regulated not to exceed 70° C. After thecompletion of the dropwise addition, the reaction mixture was aged for 1hour with the internal temperature maintained at 70° C. by heating. Thecontent was then analyzed by gas chromatography. The conversion rate andthe production rate of the addition isomer are shown in Table 3.

Example 8

The procedure of Example 7 was repeated except that the trimethoxysilanewhich was a starting material was replaced with triethoxysilane. Theconversion rate and the production rate of the addition isomer are shownin Table 3.

Example 9

The procedure of Example 7 was repeated except that the trimethoxysilanewhich was a starting material was replaced with pentamethyldisiloxane.The conversion rate and the production rate of the addition isomer areshown in Table 3.

Comparative Example 1

The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the acetamide wasnot used. The conversion rate and the production rate of the additionisomer shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 2

The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the acetamide wasreplaced with acetic acid. The conversion rate and the production rateof the addition isomer are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 3

The procedure of Example 4 was repeated except that the acetamide wasnot used. The conversion rate and the production rate of the additionisomer are shown in Table 2.

Comparative Example 4

The procedure of Example 4 was repeated except that the acetamide wasreplaced with acetic acid. The conversion rate and the production rateof the addition isomer are shown in Table 2.

Comparative Example 5

The procedure of Example 7 was repeated except that the acetamide wasnot used. The conversion rate and the production rate of the additionisomer are shown in Table 3.

Comparative Example 6

The procedure of Example 7 was repeated except that the acetamide wasreplaced with acetic acid. The conversion rate and the production rateof the addition isomer are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 1 Production rate of Conversion rate the addition isomer Example 198.1% 0.8% Example 2 98.3% 0.7% Example 3 98.8% 0.3% Comparative Example1 35.3% 1.6% Comparative Example 2 86.6% 5.6%

TABLE 2 Production rate of Conversion rate the addition isomer Example 491.7% 0.9% Example 5 89.1% 0.8% Example 6 90.2% 0.5% Comparative Example3 43.2% 9.6% Comparative Example 4 76.5% 1.5%

TABLE 3 Production rate of Conversion rate the addition isomer Example 793.2% 0.6% Example 8 88.3% 0.3% Example 9 92.1% 0.8% Comparative Example5 1.6% 0.9% Comparative Example 6 84.7% 0.7%

Example 10

A 500 ml separable flask equipped with a stirrer, a reflux condenser, adropping funnel, and a thermometer was charged with 24.9 parts (0.1 mol)of triallyl isocyanurate, 2.95 parts (0.072 mol) of acetonitrile, 0.19part (0.002 mol) of phenol, and toluene solution of the platinum complexof the amount corresponding to 0.00005 mol of the platinum complex inrelation to 1 mol of trimethoxysilane which was added dropwise in thesubsequent step, and the mixture was stirred. The mixture was thenheated, and when the internal temperature reached 60° C., 36.7 parts(0.3 mol) of the trimethoxysilane was added dropwise for 1 hour. Thereaction started simultaneously with the start of the dropwise addition,and since the temperature of the reaction mixture gradually increasedfrom 60° C., heating was ceased, and the dropwise addition was continuedwith the temperature regulated not to exceed 70° C. After the completionof the dropwise addition, the reaction mixture was aged for 1 hour withthe internal temperature maintained at 70° C. by heating. The contentwas then analyzed by gas chromatography. The conversion rate and theproduction rate of the addition isomer are shown in Table 4.

Example 11

The procedure of Example 10 was repeated except that thetrimethoxysilane which was a starting material was replaced withtriethoxysilane. The conversion rate and the production rate of theaddition isomer are shown in Table 4.

Example 12

The procedure of Example 10 was repeated except that thetrimethoxysilane which was a starting material was replaced withpentamethyldisiloxane. The conversion rate and the production rate ofthe addition isomer are shown in Table 4.

Example 13

A 500 ml separable flask equipped with a stirrer, a reflux condenser, adropping funnel, and a thermometer was charged with 82.0 parts (1 mol)of 1,5-hexadiene, 19.7 parts (0.48 mol) of acetonitrile, 1.22 parts(0.013 mol) of phenol, and toluene solution of the platinum complex ofthe amount corresponding to 0.00005 mol of the platinum complex inrelation to 1 mol of trimethoxysilane which was added dropwise in thesubsequent step, and the mixture was stirred. The mixture was thenheated, and when the internal temperature reached 60° C., 244.4 parts (2mol) of the trimethoxysilane was added dropwise for 1 hour. The reactionstarted simultaneously with the start of the dropwise addition, andsince the temperature of the reaction mixture gradually increased from60° C., heating was ceased, and the dropwise addition was continued withthe temperature regulated not to exceed 70° C. After the completion ofthe dropwise addition, the reaction mixture was aged for 1 hour with theinternal temperature maintained at 70° C. by heating. The content wasthen analyzed by gas chromatography. The conversion rate and theproduction rate of the addition isomer are shown in Table 5.

Example 14

The procedure of Example 13 was repeated except that thetrimethoxysilane which was a starting material was replaced withtriethoxysilane. The conversion rate and the production rate of theaddition isomer are shown in Table 5.

Example 15

The procedure of Example 13 was repeated except that thetrimethoxysilane which was a starting material was replaced withpentamethyldisiloxane. The conversion rate and the production rate ofthe addition isomer are shown in Table 5.

Example 16

A 500 ml separable flask equipped with a stirrer, a reflux condenser, adropping funnel, and a thermometer was charged with 104.0 parts (1 mol)of styrene, 19.7 parts (0.48 mol) of acetonitrile, 1.22 parts (0.013mol) of phenol, and toluene solution of the platinum complex of theamount corresponding to 0.00005 mol of the platinum complex in relationto 1 mol of trimethoxysilane which was added dropwise in the subsequentstep, and the mixture was stirred. The mixture was then heated, and whenthe internal temperature reached 60° C., 122.2 parts (1 mol) of thetrimethoxysilane was added dropwise for 1 hour. The reaction startedsimultaneously with the start of the dropwise addition, and since thetemperature of the reaction mixture gradually increased from 60° C.,heating was ceased, and the dropwise addition was continued with thetemperature regulated not to exceed 70° C. After the completion of thedropwise addition, the reaction mixture was aged for 1 hour with theinternal temperature maintained at 70° C. by heating. The content wasthen analyzed by gas chromatography. The conversion rate and theproduction rate of the addition isomer are shown in Table 6.

Example 17

The procedure of Example 16 was repeated except that thetrimethoxysilane which was a starting material was replaced withtriethoxysilane. The conversion rate and the production rate of theaddition isomer are shown in Table 6.

Example 18

The procedure of Example 16 was repeated except that thetrimethoxysilane which was a starting material was replaced withpentamethyldisiloxane. The conversion rate and the production rate ofthe addition isomer are shown in Table 6.

Comparative Example 7

The procedure of Example 10 was repeated except that acetonitrile andphenol were not used. The conversion rate and the production rate of theaddition isomer are shown in Table 4.

Comparative Example 8

The procedure of Example 10 was repeated except that acetonitrile andphenol were replaced with acetic acid. The conversion rate and theproduction rate of the addition isomer are shown in Table 4.

Comparative Example 9

The procedure of Example 13 was repeated except that acetonitrile andphenol were not used. The conversion rate and the production rate of theaddition isomer are shown in Table 5.

Comparative Example 10

The procedure of Example 13 was repeated except that acetonitrile andphenol were replaced with acetic acid. The conversion rate and theproduction rate of the addition isomer are shown in Table 5.

Comparative Example 11

The procedure of Example 16 was repeated except that acetonitrile andphenol were not used. The conversion rate and the production rate of theaddition isomer are shown in Table 6.

Comparative Example 12

The procedure of Example 16 was repeated except that acetonitrile andphenol were replaced with acetic acid. The io conversion rate and theproduction rate of the addition isomer are shown in Table 6.

TABLE 4 Production rate of Conversion rate the addition isomer Example10 92.5% 0.9% Example 11 90.1% 0.5% Example 12 91.1% 0.3% ComparativeExample 7 35.3% 1.6% Comparative Example 8 86.6% 5.6%

TABLE 5 Production rate of Conversion rate the addition isomer Example13 88.6% 1.0% Example 14 87.3% 0.9% Example 15 86.1% 0.5% ComparativeExample 9 43.2% 9.6% Comparative Example 10 76.5% 1.5%

TABLE 6 Production rate of Conversion rate the addition isomer Example16 91.1% 0.2% Example 17 89.9% 0.6% Example 18 88.8% 0.6% ComparativeExample 11 1.6% 0.9% Comparative Example 12 84.7% 0.7%

Example 19

A 500 ml separable flask equipped with a stirrer, a reflux condenser, adropping funnel, and a thermometer was charged with 24.9 parts (0.1 mol)of triallyl isocyanurate, 0.15 part (0.002 mol) of ammonium acetate, andtoluene solution of the platinum complex of the amount corresponding to0.00005 mol of the platinum complex in relation to 1 mol oftrimethoxysilane which was added dropwise in the subsequent step, andthe mixture was stirred. The mixture was then heated, and when theinternal temperature reached 60° C., 36.7 parts (0.3 mol) of thetrimethoxysilane was added dropwise for 1 hour. The reaction startedsimultaneously with the start of the dropwise addition, and since thetemperature of the reaction mixture gradually increased from 60° C.,heating was ceased, and the dropwise addition was continued with thetemperature regulated not to exceed 80° C. After the completion of thedropwise addition, the reaction mixture was aged for 1 hour with theinternal temperature maintained at 70° C. by heating. The content wasthen analyzed by gas chromatography. The conversion rate and theproduction rate of the addition isomer are shown in Table 7.

Example 20

The procedure of Example 19 was repeated except that thetrimethoxysilane which was a starting material was replaced withtriethoxysilane. The conversion rate and the production rate of theaddition isomer are shown in Table 7.

Example 21

The procedure of Example 19 was repeated except that thetrimethoxysilane which was a starting material was replaced to withpentamethyldisiloxane. The conversion rate and the production rate ofthe addition isomer are shown in Table 7.

Example 22

A 500 ml separable flask equipped with a stirrer, a reflux condenser, adropping funnel, and a thermometer was charged with 82.0 parts (1 mol)of 1,5-hexadiene, 1.0 part (0.013 mol) of ammonium acetate, and toluenesolution of the platinum complex of the amount corresponding to 0.00005mol of the platinum complex in relation to 1 mol of trimethoxysilanewhich was added dropwise in the subsequent step, and the mixture wasstirred. The mixture was then heated, and when the internal temperaturereached 60° C., 244.4 parts (2 mol) of the trimethoxysilane was addeddropwise for 1 hour. The reaction started simultaneously with the startof the dropwise addition, and since the temperature of the reactionmixture gradually increased from 60° C., heating was ceased, and thedropwise addition was continued with the temperature regulated not toexceed 70° C. After the completion of the dropwise addition, thereaction mixture was aged for 1 hour with the internal temperaturemaintained at 70° C. by heating. The content was then analyzed by gaschromatography. The conversion rate and the production rate of theaddition isomer are shown in Table 8.

Example 23

The procedure of Example 22 was repeated except that thetrimethoxysilane which was a starting material was replaced withtriethoxysilane. The conversion rate and the production rate of theaddition isomer are shown in Table 8.

Example 24

The procedure of Example 22 was repeated except that thetrimethoxysilane which was a starting material was replaced withpentamethyldisiloxane. The conversion rate and the production rate ofthe addition isomer are shown in Table 8.

Example 25

A 500 ml separable flask equipped with a stirrer, a reflux condenser, adropping funnel, and a thermometer was charged with 104.0 parts (1 mol)of styrene, 1.0 part (0.013 mol) of ammonium acetate, and toluenesolution of the platinum complex of the amount corresponding to 0.00005mol of the platinum complex in relation to 1 mol of trimethoxysilanewhich was added dropwise in the subsequent step, and the mixture wasstirred. The mixture was then heated, and when the internal temperaturereached 60° C., 122.2 parts (1 mol) of the trimethoxysilane was addeddropwise for 1 hour. The reaction started simultaneously with the startof the dropwise addition, and since the temperature of the reactionmixture gradually increased from 60° C., heating was ceased, and thedropwise addition was continued with the temperature regulated not toexceed 70° C. After the completion of the dropwise addition, thereaction mixture was aged for 1 hour with the internal temperaturemaintained at 70° C. by heating. The content was then analyzed by gaschromatography. The conversion rate and the production rate of theaddition isomer are shown in Table 9.

Example 26

The procedure of Example 25 was repeated except that thetrimethoxysilane which was a starting material was replaced withtriethoxysilane. The conversion rate and the production rate of theaddition isomer are shown in Table 9.

Example 27

The procedure of Example 25 was repeated except that thetrimethoxysilane which was a starting material was replaced withpentamethyldisiloxane. The conversion rate and the production rate ofthe addition isomer are shown in Table 9.

Comparative Example 13

The procedure of Example 19 was repeated except that ammonium acetatewas not used. The conversion rate and the production rate of theaddition isomer are shown in Table 7.

Comparative Example 14

The procedure of Example 19 was repeated except that ammonium acetatewas replaced with acetic acid. The conversion rate and the productionrate of the addition isomer are shown in Table 7.

Comparative Example 15

The procedure of Example 22 was repeated except that ammonium acetatewas not used. The conversion rate and the production rate of theaddition isomer are shown in Table 8.

Comparative Example 16

The procedure of Example 22 was repeated except that ammonium acetatewas replaced with acetic acid. The conversion rate and the productionrate of the addition isomer are shown in Table 8.

Comparative Example 17

The procedure of Example 25 was repeated except that ammonium acetatewas not used. The conversion rate and the production rate of theaddition isomer are shown in Table 9.

Comparative Example 18

The procedure of Example 25 was repeated except that ammonium acetatewas replaced with acetic acid. The conversion rate and the productionrate of the addition isomer are shown in Table 9.

TABLE 7 Production rate of Conversion rate the addition isomer Example19 94.7% 0.6% Example 20 95.3% 0.9% Example 21 92.1% 0.2% ComparativeExample 13 35.3% 1.6% Comparative Example 14 86.6% 5.6%

TABLE 8 Production rate of Conversion rate the addition isomer Example22 91.2% 0.3% Example 23 91.9% 0.2% Example 24 91.1% 0.4% ComparativeExample 15 43.2% 9.6% Comparative Example 16 76.5% 1.5%

TABLE 9 Production rate of Conversion rate the addition isomer Example25 94.1% 0.2% Example 26 90.3% 0.4% Example 27 89.9% 0.1% ComparativeExample 17 1.6% 0.9% Comparative Example 18 84.7% 0.7%

The results of the Examples and Comparative Examples as described abovereveal that the present invention is capable of producing the compoundhaving the olefin terminal carbon atom silylated at a high efficiencywithout sacrificing the hydrosilylation reactivity while suppressing thegeneration of the by-product addition isomer.

Japanese Patent Application Nos. 2010-274710, 2010-274730 and2010-274745 are incorporated herein by reference.

Although some preferred embodiments have been described, manymodifications and variations may be made thereto in light of the aboveteachings. It is therefore to be understood that the invention may bepracticed otherwise than as specifically described without departingfrom the scope of the appended claims.

1. A hydrosilylation method wherein (i) an olefin compound havingcarbon-carbon unsaturated bond, and (ii) a compound having hydrogensilylgroup are reacted in the presence of an acid amide compound by usingcatalytic action of platinum and/or its complex compound.
 2. Ahydrosilylation method according to claim 1 wherein the acid amidecompound is represented by the following general formula (1):R⁰—[C(═O)—NR¹ ₂]_(k)   (1) wherein R⁰ is hydrogen atom or a k-valenthydrocarbon group containing 1 to 30 carbon atoms, R¹ is independentlyhydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group containing 1 to 20carbon atoms, and k is 1 or
 2. 3. A hydrosilylation method according toclaim 1 wherein the acid amide compound is a primary acid amide compoundrepresented by the following general formula (2):R²—C(═O)—NH₂   (2) wherein R² is hydrogen atom or a monovalenthydrocarbon group containing 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
 4. A hydrosilylationmethod wherein (i) an olefin compound having carbon-carbon unsaturatedbond, and (ii) a compound having hydrogensilyl group are reacted in thepresence of a nitrile compound and an aromatic hydroxyl compound byusing catalytic action of platinum and/or its complex compound.
 5. Ahydrosilylation method according to claim 4 wherein the nitrile compoundis a member selected from acetonitrile, acrylonitrile, propane nitrile,butane nitrile, and benzonitrile, and the aromatic hydroxyl compound isa member selected from phenol, hydroquinone, cresol, and bisphenol A. 6.A hydrosilylation method wherein (i) an olefin compound havingcarbon-carbon unsaturated bond, and (ii) a compound having hydrogensilylgroup are reacted in the presence of an organoamine salt compound byusing catalytic action of platinum and/or its complex compound.
 7. Ahydrosilylation method according to claim 6 wherein the organoamine saltcompound is an organoammonium salt compound represented by the followinggeneral formula (5):R⁵—[C(═O)O⁻.NR⁶ ₄ ⁺]_(h)   (5) wherein R⁵ is an h-valent hydrocarbongroup containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms, R⁶ is independently hydrogen atomor a monovalent hydrocarbon group containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and his 1 or
 2. 8. A hydrosilylation method according to claim 1 wherein thecompound having a hydrogensilyl group is a hydrogenorganoxysilanerepresented by the following general formula (3):H—SiR³ _(n)X_(3-n)   (3) wherein R³ is a monovalent hydrocarbon group, Xis an organoxy group, and n is an integer of 0 to 2; or a hydrolyticcondensation product obtained by using the hydrogenorganoxysilane as atleast one of its constitutional component.
 9. A hydrosilylation methodaccording to claim 8 wherein X in the general formula (3) is methoxygroup, ethoxy group, or 2-propenoxy group.
 10. A hydrosilylation methodaccording to claim 9 wherein the compound containing a hydrogensilylgroup is selected from hydrogentrimethoxysilane,hydrogenmethyldimethoxysilane, hydrogendimethylmethoxysilane,hydrogentriethoxysilane, hydrogenmethyldiethoxysilane,hydrogendimethylethoxysilane, hydrogentri(2-propenoxy)silane,hydrogenmethyldi(2-propenoxy)-silane,hydrogendimethyl(2-propenoxy)silane, organopolysiloxane andorganosilsesquioxane having hydrosilyl group produced by hydrolyticcondensation of such silane monomer, 1,3,5,7-tetramethyltetrasiloxan,1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane, pentamethyldisiloxane, and dimethylsilicone polymer containing 3 to 100 silicon atoms having hydrosilylgroup on its side chain or at its terminal.
 11. A hydrosilylation methodaccording to claim 1 wherein the olefin compound is selected from anolefin compound containing tertiary amine atom; a diene compoundrepresented by the following general formula (4):CH₂═C(R⁴)—(CH₂)_(m)—C(R⁴)═CH₂   (4) wherein R⁴ is independently hydrogenatom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group, and m is an integer of 0 to 20;and a compound containing an aliphatic ring structure and/or an aromaticring structure having vinyl group or allyl group.
 12. A hydrosilylationmethod according to claim 11 wherein the olefin compound is selectedfrom allyl isocyanate, triallyl isocyanurate, 1,3-butadiene, isoprene,1,4-pentadiene, 1,5-hexadiene, 1,6-heptadiene, 1,7-octadiene,1,8-nonadiene, 1,9-decadiene, divinylcyclohexane, trivinylcyclohexane,diallylcyclohexane, triallylcyclohexane, styrene, allyl benzene, andallyl phenol.
 13. A method for producing an organosilicon compoundwherein the method uses a hydrosilylation method according to claim 1.14. An organosilicon compound produced by the production method of claim13.